Categories
Cambium Networking

cnMatrix console quick look

A quick look at the console interface of a Cambium cnMatrix switch

Categories
BGP

NEW Service: IP Space Compliance

MTIN is announcing a new service today for those of you who have Registry assigned IP space. For the low price of $80 a year, MTIN will provide the following services in regards to your IP allocations.

  1. Make sure your whois information is correct in the proper registry (ARIN, APNIC, and others) each year.
  2. Make sure your peering db entries are correct and up-to-date
  3. Monitor your IP blocks for hijacking and other activity.
  4. Recommend any security changes needed.
  5. Setup peering sessions to Qrator for auditing purposes
  6. Monitor reverse DNS on your blocks for proper functionality

Unlimited of adding new IP blocks. The first registry or peeringdb change free each year.

If you need help setting up peering DB we can add a small setup to assist with this. contact support@mtin.net for details on this new service today.

Categories
Mikrotik Networking WISP xISP

mAP installer toolbox

One of the problems installers run into on a few networks we manage is having the right tools to properly test a new install. Sure, an installer can run a test to speedtest.net to verify customers are getting their speed.  Anyone who has done this long enough knows speedtest.net can be unreliable and produce inconsistent results. So, what then? Or what happens if you need to by-pass customer equipment easily? Most installers break out their laptop, spend a few minutes messing with settings and then authenticating themselves onto the network. Sometimes this can be easy, other times it can be challenging.

mAP with extenral battery pack

In steps the Mikrotik mAP.
What you are about to read is based on a MUM presentation by Lorenzo Busatti from http://routing.wireless.academy/ with my own spin on it. You can read his entire presentation on the mAP in PDF at : https://mum.mikrotik.com//presentations/US16/presentation_3371_1462179397.pdf . The meat of what we are talking about in this article starts on Page 50. If you want to watch the video you can do so at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VeZetH9uX_Y . The focus of this article starts around 21:00.

I have taken Lorenzo’s idea and have several different versions based upon the network.  In most of our scenarios, the ethernet ports are what plug into the CPE or the customer’s equipment, and the technician connects to the mAP over wifi.  This post covers using the mAP as an installer tool, not a traveling router. Lorenzo covers the travel option quite well in his presentation.

In this post, we focus on networks which use PPPoE. PPPoE networks usually are the ones who take much time to set up to diagnose.   What we have done is set up an uncapped user profile that is available on every tower.  Authentication can be done with local secrets or via radius.  Depending on your IP design the user can get the same IP across the network, or have an IP that assigned to this user on each tower/routed segment. We could do an entire article on IP design.

On our Mikrotik, we setup ether1 to have a PPPoE client running on it.  When the installer plugs this into the customers CPE the mAP will automatically “dial-out” and authenticate using the technician user we talked about earlier.  Once this connection has is established, the mAP is set to turn on the red “PoE out” light on the mAP using the following code.

/system leds
add interface=pppoe-out1 leds=user-led type=interface-status

Note. Our PPPoE interface is the default “pppoe-out1″ name. If you modify this, you will need to modify the led setup as well to match.

The red light gives the technician a visual indicator they have authenticated and should have internet. At the very least their mAP has authenticated with PPPoE. There are netwatch scripts mentioned in the above presentation which can kick on another LED indicating true internet reachability or other functions.  In our case, we can assume if the unit authenticates with the tower, then internet to the tower is up.  While this isn’t always the case if the Internet is down to the tower you quickly know or the NOC quickly knows.  At least you hope so. We chose the PoE out led because we are not using POE on this setup and a red light is noticeable.

Once the technician has a connection they can connect to an SSID set aside for testing.  In our case, we have set aside a “COMPANY_TECH” SSID. The tech connects to this on their laptop, and they are online.  Since this is a static profile, you can set it up just like a typical customer, or you can give the tech user access to routers, APs or other devices.  Our philosophy is you set up this SSID to mimic what a customer account experiences as closely as possible.  It goes through the same firewall rules and ques just like a typical customer.

To further enhance our tool we can set up a VPN.  This VPN can is accessible from the laptop with a second SSID named “COMPANY_VPN”. Once the technician switches over to this SSID they have access, over a preconfigured VPN on the mAP, to the network, from where they can access things customers can not, or at least should not be able to access. Many modern networks put APs, and infrastructure on separate VLANs not reachable from customer subnets.  The VPN comes in handy here. You can access these things without changing security. If you plan on using this router internally, the type of VPN you choose is not as important as if you plan to modify the config so you can travel as is the case with the above MUM presentation. If you plan to travel an SSTP VPN is the most compatible.  If it’s just inside your network, I would suggest an l2tp connection with IPsec.

Our third configuration on this is to set up the second ethernet port to be a DHCP client.  This setup is handy for plugging into the customer router for testing or for places where DHCP is the method of access, for example, behind a Baicells UE.  If your network does not use PPPoE, you could have one ethernet be a DHCP client, and the other be a DHCP server. We have found having the technicians connect wirelessly makes their lives easier.  They can plug the unit in and not have to worry about cables being too short, or getting behind a desk several times to plug and unplug things.

So why go through all this trouble?
One of the first things you learn in troubleshooting is to eliminate as many variables as you can. By plugging this into your CPE, you have a known baseline to do testing. You eliminate things such as customer routers, customer PCs, and premise wiring.  The mAP is plugged directly in CPE, whether it be wired or wireless. Experience has shown us many of the troubles customers experience are traced back to their router. Even if you provide the router, this can eliminate or point to that router as being a source of the problem if a technician needs to visit the customer.

Secondly, the mAP allows us to see and do more than your typical router. From the mAP we can run the Mikrotik bandwidth test tool from it to the closest router, to the next router inlines, all the way out to the internet. A while back I did an article titled “The Problem with Speedteststs“.  This article explains many of the issues testing just using speedtest.net or other sites.  Being able to do these kinds of tests is invaluable.  If there are four Mikrotik routers between the customer and the edge of your network all four of them can be tested independently. If you have a known good host outside your network, such as the one we provide to our clients, then you can also test against that. 

Having a Mikrotik test tool like this also allows you access to better logging and diagnostics.   You can easily see if the ethernet is negotiating at 100 meg or a Gig.  You can do wireless scans to see how noisy or busy 2.4GHZ is.  You have easy to understand ping and traceroute tools.  You also have a remote diagnostic tool which engineers can remote into easily to perform tests and capture readings.

Thirdly, the mAP allows the installer to establish a good known baseline at the time of install.  You are not reliant on just a CPE to AP test, or a speedtest.net test.

How do we make this portable?
You may have noticed in my above pictures I have an external battery pack hooked up to my mAP.   I am a fan of the Anker battery packs

Distributors such as ISP Supplies and CTIconnect have the mAP.

Finally, you will need a USB to MicroUSB cable

If you want you can add some double sided tape to hold the mAP to the battery pack for a neat package. I like the shorter cable referenced above in order to have a neat and manageable setup.

No matter what gear you use for delivering Internet to your customers, the mAP can be an invaluable troubleshooting tool for your field staff. I will be posting configs for Patreon and subscribers to download and configure their mAPs for this type of setup, as well as a road warrior setup. In the meantime, we do offer a setup service for $200, which includes the mAP, battery, USB cable and customized configuration for you.

Categories
IPV6 Mikrotik Networking

Basic IPV6 Mikrotik Firewall

Below is a basic IPV6 firewall fillter for your Mikrotik CPE devices.  This is a good start for customer-facing CPE.

 


/ipv6 firewall filter

add chain=forward comment="allow forwarding established, related" connection state=established,related
add chain=forward comment="allow forward lan->wan" in-interface=lan out-interface=wan
add chain=forward comment="allow ICMPv6 forwarding" in-interface=wan protocol=icmpv6
add action=reject chain=forward comment="reject every other forwarding request" reject-with=icmp-port-unreachable
add chain=input comment="accept established, related" connection-state=established,related
add chain=input comment="allow ICMPv6" in-interface=wan protocol=icmpv6
add chain=input comment="allow DHCPv6 renew" dst-address=fc00::/6 dst-port=546 in-interface=wan protocol=udp src-address=fc00::/6
add chain=input comment="allow lan" in-interface=lan
add action=reject chain=input comment="reject everything else" reject-with=icmp-port-unreachable
Categories
Networking UBNT Wireless

Cloud Key Gen 2 Plus Quick look

Categories
Data Center Networking

Looking for an affordable 100 GIG switch?

https://www.fs.com/products/75877.html

With an $11,000 price tag and Cumulus Linux this could be a switch to look at for folks needing 25 and 100 gig ports.

Ports 32*100Gb Operating System Cumulus® Linux® OS
Max. 100Gb Ports 32 CPU Intel Rangeley C2538 2.4Ghz 4-core
Max. 25Gb Ports 128 Switching Chip Tomahawk BCM56960
Switch Capability 6.4Tbps Full-duplex Packet Buffer Memory 16M
Latency 500ns Max. Power Draw 550W
Airflow Direction Back-to-Front Hardware Warranty 5 Years

 

Categories
Data Center Networking

New Lighting, slim ethernet cable chat

temporary lighting setup

Categories
Cambium Networking

Playing with OBS and Cambium Switch quick look

Trying out OBS software and a quick look at Cambium switch line.

Categories
Networking

Panduit field terminable rj45 plug

Categories
BGP Networking

Network Collective: BGP Optimal Route Reflection

https://thenetworkcollective.com/2018/11/st-bgp-optimal-route-reflection/